The principle of subsidiarity is a fundamental concept in the European Union (EU) that guides decision-making and the allocation of responsibilities between the EU and its member states. It is enshrined in the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and is me...

In EU Law, competence refers to the legal authority or jurisdiction that the EU has in specific policy areas. Competence determines which level of government, whether it is the EU as a whole or individual member states, can make decisions and enact l...

The European Union does not have a single, comprehensive constitution like many nation-states. Instead, the EU's legal framework is based on a series of treaties and agreements, including the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning...

The Four Freedoms are core principles of EU law that aim to promote the free movement of goods, services, capital, and people within the EU's single market. These freedoms are fundamental to the EU's objective of creating a unified economic...

The rule of law, which ensures that the EU operates as a legal and democratic entity, is enshrined in EU law. It encompasses several key elements that guide the functioning of the EU's institutions and member states within the EU legal framework.Lega...

The European Union uses different types of legal acts to establish and regulate its policies and laws. These types of EU legal acts allow the EU to establish legal frameworks, set standards, and provide guidance across a wide range of policy areas wh...

In EU law, the principles of direct effect and indirect effect are legal doctrines that determine how EU laws, particularly EU regulations and directives, are applied and enforced within the legal systems of EU member states.Direct effect: Direct eff...

The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (EU Charter) is a legally binding document that sets out the fundamental rights and freedoms protected within the European Union. It was proclaimed in December 2000 and became legally binding wi...

The supremacy of European Union law is a fundamental principle of EU law that establishes the hierarchy of legal norms within the legal system of the European Union. It essentially means that EU law takes precedence over national laws of EU member st...

The European Central Bank (ECB) is the central bank of the Eurozone, which is composed of the countries that have adopted the euro as their currency. The ECB plays a pivotal role in ensuring price stability, conducting monetary policy, and overseeing...

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) is the judicial institution of the European Union. It ensures the uniform interpretation and application of EU law across member states, safeguards the rights of individuals and businesses, and contri...

The Council of the European Union, often referred to simply as the Council, is one of the main institutions of the European Union. It represents the member states and plays a crucial role in the EU's decision-making process. Here are some key aspects...

The European Parliament is one of the key institutions of the European Union and represents EU citizens at the European level. Directly elected by EU citizens and acting as the legislative body of the EU, it plays a central role in the EU's legislati...

The European Council is an institution of the European Union that brings together the heads of state or government of EU member states, along with the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission. It serves as a foru...

The European Commission, often simply referred to as the Commission, is one of the principal institutions of the European Union. As the executive branch and administrative body of the EU, it plays a central role in the EU's governance, policymaking, ...